Magazine fireabm



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R. 0. PAY. I v MAGAZINE FIREARM.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. R. O. PAY. .MAGAZINE FIREARM.

ANDREW 8 GM iNO Model.) B 0 PAY 3 SheetsSheet 3. MAGAZINE FIREARM.

Patented Oct. 8, 1895.

W'Zneasea AN DREW B.GRANAM HOTOMTHQWASMINGIDN. D C

NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RIMMON O. FAY, OF ILION, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE REMINGTON ARMSCOMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

MAGAZINE-FIREARM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 547,602, dated October8, 1895.

Application filed July 17, 1894. Serial No. 517,803i (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, RIMMON C. FAY, a citizen of the United States,residing at Ilion, county of Herkimer, State of New York, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Magazine or Repeating Firearms,of which the following is a specification.

My improvements relate, in the first place, to that class of repeatingfirearms in which a magazine adapted to receive a small number ofcartridges, usually five, is arranged in immediate proximity to thereceiving-chamber of the arm, into which the cartridges are adapted tobe forced sidewise, as distinguished from those forms of repeatingfirearm in which a comparatively large number of cartridges are fed endon through a long tube to the receiver.

My invention has for its object the simplification of the constructionof the magazine and its arrangement with reference to thecartridge-receiver, and the improvement of the cartridge-feeding devicesoperating in connection therewith, so that while the appearance of thearm is improved the cartridges are supplied to the receiver withoutpossibility of their movement being misdirected or impeded-as, forinstance, by their rims or heads interlocking.

My invention further comprises improvements especially applicable tosuch repeating firearms as have their breech closure in the form of abolt, called bolt-guns, said improvements comprising a construction andarrangement, hereinafter more fully de scribed, of locking-lever andlocking-trigger, preventing the accidental opening of the breech whilethe gun is being fired and locking the sear and trigger againstaccidental firing.

Referring to the accompanying drawings,

which forma part of this specification, Figure I I is a top view of agun-lock embodying my improvements, the bolt being retracted and themagazine closed. Fig. II isasimilar view with the breech closed, thefiring-pin cooked, and the magazine open. Fig. III is an axial verticalsectional view of the gun-lock, showing a cartridge in place, the breechclosed,

and the gun cocked. Figs. 1V and Vare transverse sectional views inplanes indicated by lines b b and a a on Fig. III. Fig. VI is asectional view of an alternative construction of the firing-pin andholder therefor. Fig.. VII is a detail view of the spring for themagazine-shutter. Fig. VIII isa longitudinal section with the boltwithdrawn. Fig. IX is a section of the cartridge-lifter 21.

1 is the barrel, 2 the stock, 3 the receiving chamber, 4 the bolt, 5 thefiring-pin, and 6 the mainspring of a repeating rifle. These parts maybe of the represented or other form.

My improved magazine is shown at 7. It is arc-shaped in cross-sectionand arranged below the receiver and coaxial therewith. Through thecenter of the under side of the magazine there is a slotin which thecartridgecarrier (to be described hereinafter) plays, and at each end ofthis slot the metal forming the bottom of the magazine is fashioned intoa groove, into which the head and point of the central cartridgeapproximately fit, so that the cartridge will be centered in themagazine and cannot be displaced by the pressure of others upon it. Apassage 8, (Figs. IV and V,) leads from the magazine into thereceiving-chamber 3, which passage is beveled at front, as shown at 9,Fig. III, to permit the ball of the cartridge to slide readily into thebarrel when it is lifted by the feeding-arm or cartridge-carrier, ashereinafter described. The rear end of the passage 8 is slightly narrowed at the top by fins 10, so that the cartridge, being arrested bysuch fins, cannot move directly up from the magazine into the receiver,but must first be pushed forward by the bolt 4 until the cartridge-headreaches the portion of said passage forward of said fins, where thepassage is wide enough to allow the head of the cartridge to pass upthrough it. The magazine is open at one side, and has at said side ahinged gate 12, adapted to be held open or closed by a spring 13, whichis fixed to the side of the gun-body and bears on suitable surfaces onthe gate. The closed side of the magazine has a fiat spring 14, fixedwithin it and adapted to bear constantly on a cartridge in the left sideof the magazine and feed it downward toward ICO the center of themagazine. To the under side of the gate 12 is pivoted an arm 15, Fig.VII, which is pressed downward by the spring 16 against a cartridge inthe right side of the magazine. The spring which drives forward this armis stronger than the opposing spring on the other side of the magazine,so that the cartridges are used from this side first. This end is partlyaccomplished by having one side of the cartridge-lifter higher than theother, but is made more certain by the stiifer spring being on the sidetoward the lower portion of the lifter. Moreover, the springs, when freefrom compression, do not meet at the median line of the gun, but extendno.

farther inwardly than to the sides of the cartridge-lifter, leavingspace for the same to operate between the ends of said springs or theterminal pieces attached thereto. The spring to the right of the gunbeing the stronger, the cartridges on that side are fed first to themagazine; but when said spring reaches the end of its travel it becomesinoperative, and the left-hand spring having then nothing to oppose itsaction feeds its cartridges in turn. From this it follows that so longas any cartridges remain in the magazine to the left of the center theymay be held in reserve and new one added singly, as fired, at the rightthrough the gate. In this Way the necessity of the usual cut-off isobviated.

The arm 15 has an extension 17, forward of its pivot on the gate, which,when the gate is opened for the purpose of inserting cartridges into themagazine, strikes against a fixed lug 18, Fig. II, on the gun-body, andso forcibly throws back the arm 15 close against the gate, out of theway. The lug 18 projects through aslot 19in the gate. A thumb-piece 20is provided on the gate to be used in opening it.

The cartridge-carrier 21 is adapted to pass through a slot 22 in thebottom of the magazine, (see Fig. 1H,) and is carried by alongforwardly-projecting lever 23, which is pivoted at 24. to a lug 25,formed or fixed on the under side of the barrel. A spring 26, fixed atone end to the arm 23 and at the other to a pin or projection 27 fromthe gun body, tends to throw the carrier 23 and a'cartridge thereonupward, while the carrieris positively depressed when the breechisclosed, by impingement of the front of the bolt on the vertical stud29, Fig. VIII, of a sliding rod 30. It will be seen that thecartridge-carrier, with its lever, has a very limited movement and thatin the most effective direction. As shown in Figs. III and IV, thecarrier 21 is higher on one side than on the other, preferably on theleft side, the curved dotted line, Fig. III, showing the height of theconcealed side, so that the cartridge nearest the carrier on the rightside of the carrier will enter and occupy the carriage before thecarrier passes below the cartridge adjacent to it on the lefthand side.Thus there is no chance for two cartridges to be fed together fromopposite sides half-way into the carrier, there to be ar rested byimpingement against each other.

By the above described arrangement, in which the magazine is arrangedaround the receiver, the cartridges are fed laterally therefrom-to thecarrier and then individually fed vertically by the carrier. Themagazine is reduced so that it extends very slightly beyond the stock oneach side, and by taking the central cartridge from the magazine it isimpossible for the cartridge heads to interlock against each other.

The bolt 4. has near its forward end a plurality of bolt-lockingsurfaces 31, preferably in the form of an interrupted screw, which,

in addition to its office of holding the breech closed during discharge,assists, during the revolution of the bolt, in the final step of loadingthe gun to draw the parts closely together, and in the reverse operationeasily loosens the cartridge should it be stuck in the gun.

The bolt, which is tubular to allow the firing devices to play withinit, has at its forward end and fitting therein the firing-pin holder 32,Fig. VIII, which receives the shock of the discharge, and which carriesthe shellextractor and firing-pin 5. This part enters the end of thebolt likea plug and hasashoulder 32, which limits its motion. It is heldin place by a pin 34, passing through the bolts and entering asemiannular depression near its rear end, by which construction the boltmay be rotated on the firing-pin holder, but the two cannot beseparated. The firing-pin has a small transverse pin 35, Fig. VIII,projecting through a longitudinal slot in the firing-pin holder to enteran inclined channel on the inner surface of the bolt. By thisarrangement the rotation of the bolt around the firing-pin holder movesthe firing-pin longitudinally. From each end of the said inclinedchannel a longitudinal groove leads to the forward end of the bolt, sothat the firing-pin holder and firing-pin may be withdrawn from thebolt. The firing-pin holder has on one side at its forward end a lug 33,Fig. III, which projects radially as far as the tops of the threads ofthe interrupted screw of the bolt. From this construction it followsthat when the gun is being opened the first efiect is that the rotationof the bolt around the firing-pin holder withdraws the firing-pinpositively from the cartridge to a position of safety,

which it must maintain until the breech is again entirely closed. Apremature explosion is thus provided against.

The firing-pin being separate from the striker or hammer and beingcarried in a holder of its own, it follows that the loss during theprocess of cleaning or assembling the gun of the firing-pin holder(which it will be remembered receives the shock of discharge) rendersimpossible the discharge of the gun. In guns where this provision is notmade the gun may be fired without this part, and would in that case beinjured or burst.

The sear 42 has its toe pressed up by a IIO spring 43 and its heel 44adapted to engagea notch in a locking-trigger 46, which is pivoted at 47on the trigger-guard, and which has two notches 48 to receive alocking-spring 49. In the position of the locking-trigger shown, withthe spring 49 in the forward notch, the nose of the locking-trigger isthrown away from the heel of the sear and the gun may be fired; but bypushing the rearwardly-projecting part of the safety-trigger upward thenotch engages with said scar and prevents the discharge of the piece.

The operation of the gun is briefly as follows: The magazine being emptyand the breech mechanism being closed, the gun is loaded by throwingopen the magazine-cover and inserting the cartridges into the opening ofthe magazine. The cover is then closed and the bolt-handle rotated to avertical position. By this motion the interrupted screwthreads on theend of the bolt are rotated into their channels and the bolt is drawnslightly backward. The firing-pin is also rotated by the bolt, whichcauses its lug to move along the helical path on the rear of its holderand to be thereby withdrawn to a position of safety. By the samemovement the end of the firing-pin holder is withdrawn from the lever,which depresses the cartridge-holder and al lows said holder to belifted by its spring. The bolt is now withdrawn to the full extent ofits travel. \Vhen the end of the bolt passes the base of the cartridgebelow it, the cartridge-carrier rises still farther, bringing the headof the cartridge up, so that it will be struck by the bolt on itsreturn. The bolt is now pushed forward, driving the cartridgeinto thebarrel of the gun. When the notch on the hammer strikes the sear, itsmotion is arrested and the gun is cooked by pushing home the bolt. Uponturning the lever down into its horizontal position the cam whichcontrols the motion of the firing-pin pushes said pin forward intoposition to explode the primer when struck by the hammer. The gun havingbeen fired the above operations are repeated and the shell is drawn fromthe gun and is thrown out by the ejector, another cartridge taking itsplace at once.

Having thus described my invention, the following is what I claim as newtherein and desire to secure by Letters .Patent:

1. In a repeating fire-arm having a suitable cartridge receivingchamber, a magazine concentric with said chimber, a cartridge carrier,springs of different tensions located in said magazine for feeding thecartridges laterally, first from one side and then the other of themagazine to said carrier, and means for operating said carrier to carrythe cartridge radially into the receiving chamber, substant'ially as setforth.

2. In a. repeating fire-arm, the combination of a gun-body, having asuitable cartridge receiving chamber, a magazine arranged coaxially ofsaid chamber and opening into the same, and provided with a slot havinga depression at each end thereof for centering a cartridge, and meansfor transferring the central cartridge of said magazine to said chamber,substantially as set forth.

3. In a repeating fire-arm having a suitable cartridge receivingchamber, and a cartridge carrier having a seat for a cartridge, amagazine arranged partly on each side of said carrier, said carrierhaving one side higher than the other so that the cartridges from theside of the chamber opposite the higher side of the carrier will be fedfirst into the carrier, and a spring for feeding the cartridgeslaterally of said carrier from that side, substantially as and for thepurpose set forth.

4. In a fire-arm, the combination of a ham mer and its spring, atrigger, a pivoted soar in engagement with the trigger, and a triggerlock pivoted on the trigger guard and adapted to be moved into and outof engagement with the sear, and suitable means for holding the lock ineither position, substantially as shown and described.

RIMMON (J. FAY.

Witnesses: Y

F. ARMSTRONG, F. N. QUAIFE.

